International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
GROUP O/4 RESISTANT SAWAH FLOWERING RUSH
(Limnocharis flava)


Auxin Mimics (O/4)

Indonesia, Sumatra
INTRODUCTION SAWAH FLOWERING RUSH
Sawah Flowering Rush (Limnocharis flava) is a monocot weed in the Limnocharitaceae family.  In Indonesia this weed first evolved resistance to Group O/4 herbicides in 1995 and infests Rice.   Group O/4 herbicides are known as Auxin Mimics (Auxin Mimics ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to 2,4-D and they may be cross-resistant to other Group O/4 herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Sep 15, 2000 )

Common NameSawah Flowering Rush
SpeciesLimnocharis flava
GroupAuxin Mimics (O/4)
Herbicides2,4-D
LocationIndonesia, Sumatra
Year1995
Situation(s)Rice
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Edison Purba 
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

AREAS FOUND

Edison Purba
Simalungun and Deliserdang County.

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RESISTANCE RATIO

Edison Purba
High level of resistance to 2,4-D detected.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Field trials comparing a known susceptible Sawah Flowering Rush biotype with this Sawah Flowering Rush biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on Group O/4 resistant Sawah Flowering Rush have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group O/4 resistant Sawah Flowering Rush from Indonesia please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

EDISON PURBA
lecturer
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Agronomy
Jl. Sembada X No.19
Medan, 20131
Indonesia
Email Edison Purba

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Indonesia have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Edison Purba for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Sawah Flowering Rush Globally
(Limnocharis flava)
Herbicide Resistant Sawah Flowering Rush Globally
(Limnocharis flava)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Sawah Flowering Rush Globally
(Limnocharis flava)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 IndonesiaIndonesia 1995 Rice 2,4-D 22 Auxin Mimics (O/4)
104Limnocharis flavaSawah Flowering Rush93
2 MalaysiaMalaysia 1998 Rice 2,4-D, and bensulfuron-methyl 28 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Auxin Mimics (O/4)
104Limnocharis flavaSawah Flowering Rush1131
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