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SMALLFLOWER UMBRELLA SEDGE
(
Cyperus difformis
)
with
GROUP B/2 resistance: (INHIBITION OF ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE )
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase
MUTATION: PROLINE 197 to ALANINE
Smallflower Umbrella Sedge
(
Cyperus difformis
) is a monocot plant in the cyperaceae family. A single amino acid substitution from Proline 197 to Alanine has led to resistance to Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase as indicated in the table below.
Smallflower Umbrella Sedge
Chemical Family
Example Herbicide
Resistance Level
Imidazolinones
Imazethapyr
Not Determined
Pyrimidinyl benzoates
Bispyribac-Na
Not Determined
Sulfonylureas
Chlorsulfuron
Resistant > 10 fold
Triazolopyrimidine - Type 1
Chloransulam-methyl
Not Determined
Triazolinones
Flucarbazone-Na
Not Determined
REFERENCES
Ntoanidou, S., N. Kaloumenos, G. Diamantidis, P. Madesis, and I. Eleftherohorinos
.
2016
.
Molecular basis of
Cyperus difformis
cross-resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides.
.
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology
127
:
38 - 45
.
Applications of 64 times higher rates of azimsulfuron and halosulfuron-methyl failed to reduce by 50% growth of 10 putative resistant (R)
Cyperus difformis
(smallflower umbrella-sedge) populations collected from rice fields located in Northern Greece. However, the growth rate of the susceptible (S) population was reduced by 50% by 1/4 of the recommended rate of both herbicides. The
als
gene sequencing identified point mutations at Pro-197 position, leading to amino acid substitution by Ala or Ser of the ALS enzyme. The
in vitro
activity of the ALS enzyme indicated that the
I
50
values (herbicide concentration required for 50% reduction of the ALS activity) ranged from 10.7 to 55.5 μM azimsulfuron and from 6.7 to 50.6 μM halosulfuron-methyl, whereas the respective values for the S population were 0.09 and 0.11 μM. These results strongly support that cross-resistance of 10
C. difformis
populations was due to point mutations of the
als
gene, which resulted in a less-sensitive ALS enzyme. This study reports the presence of a 1240 bp intron in the
C. difformis als
gene with the Pro-197 point mutations near the splice junction.
.
This case was entered by Patrick Tranel Email:
tranel@illinois.edu
PERMISSION MUST BE OBTAINED FIRST if you intend to base a significant portion of a scientific paper on data derived from this site.
Cite this site as:
Heap, I. The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. Online. Internet.
Saturday, September 7, 2024
. Available
www.weedscience.org
Copyright � 1993-
2024
WeedScience.org All rights reserved. Fair use of this material is encouraged. Proper citation is requested.
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