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GIANT RAGWEED
(
Ambrosia trifida
)
with
GROUP B/2 resistance: (INHIBITION OF ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE )
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase
MUTATION: TRYPTOPHAN 574 to LEUCINE
Giant Ragweed
(
Ambrosia trifida
) is a dicot plant in the asteraceae family. A single amino acid substitution from Tryptophan 574 to Leucine has led to resistance to Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase as indicated in the table below.
Giant Ragweed
Chemical Family
Example Herbicide
Resistance Level
Imidazolinones
Imazethapyr
Resistant > 10 fold
Pyrimidinyl benzoates
Bispyribac-Na
Not Determined
Sulfonylureas
Chlorsulfuron
Resistant > 10 fold
Triazolopyrimidine - Type 1
Chloransulam-methyl
Resistant > 10 fold
Triazolinones
Flucarbazone-Na
Not Determined
REFERENCES
Patzoldt, W. L. ; Tranel, P. J.
.
2002
.
Molecular analysis of cloransulam resistance in a population of giant ragweed
.
Weed Science
50
:
299 - 305
.
A population of giant ragweed not controlled by cloransulam was identified near Seymour, IN, during the first year of that herbicide's commercialization in 1998. Results from acetolactate synthase (ALS) activity assays performed by Dow AgroSciences showed that resistance was caused by an altered ALS. Studies were conducted to define more precisely the molecular basis of resistance and to determine cross-resistance to other ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Sixteen greenhouse-grown giant ragweed plants from the Seymour population were tested individually with post-emergence (POST) applications of cloransulam, imazethapyr, or chlorimuron, or by using a nondestructive leaf disk assay to determine resistant or sensitive herbicide responses. All plants identified from the Seymour population as resistant to cloransulam were cross-resistant to imazethapyr and chlorimuron. Two DNA fragments, totaling 804 nucleotide base pairs, within
ALS
were sequenced from each of the 16 plants. Sequence data, combined with phenotypic data, showed that a tryptophan to leucine substitution at amino acid position 574 of ALS (based on numbering of the
Arabidopsis
ALS) was responsible for ALS-inhibitor resistance. Among 11 resistant and 5 sensitive giant ragweed plants analyzed from the Seymour population, at least 15 different
ALS
alleles were identified. Of these 15 alleles, two alleles, at an average frequency of 0.25, contained a leucine at position 574 and conferred resistance. The 13 alleles that conferred susceptibility to ALS-inhibiting herbicides occurred at an average frequency of 0.04.
.
This case was entered by Patrick Tranel Email:
tranel@illinois.edu
PERMISSION MUST BE OBTAINED FIRST if you intend to base a significant portion of a scientific paper on data derived from this site.
Cite this site as:
Heap, I. The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. Online. Internet.
Saturday, September 7, 2024
. Available
www.weedscience.org
Copyright � 1993-
2024
WeedScience.org All rights reserved. Fair use of this material is encouraged. Proper citation is requested.
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