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RAGWEED PARTHENIUM
(
Parthenium hysterophorus
)
with
GROUP G/9 resistance: (INHIBITION OF ENOLPYRUVYL SHIKIMATE PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE )
Inhibition of EPSP synthase
MUTATION: PROLINE 106 to SERINE
Ragweed Parthenium
(
Parthenium hysterophorus
) is a dicot plant in the asteraceae family. A single amino acid substitution from Proline 106 to Serine has led to resistance to Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase as indicated in the table below.
Ragweed Parthenium
Chemical Family
Example Herbicide
Resistance Level
Glycines
glyphosate
Intermediate Resistance < 10 fold
REFERENCES
Bracamonte, E., Fernández-Moreno, P. T., Barro, F., & De Prado, R.
.
2016
.
Glyphosate-Resistant
Parthenium hysterophorus
in the Caribbean Islands: Non Target Site Resistance and Target Site Resistance in Relation to Resistance Levels
.
7
:
1845 -
.
Glyphosate has been the most intensely herbicide used worldwide for decades, and continues to be a single tool for controlling weeds in woody crops. However, the adoption of this herbicide in a wide range of culture systems has led to the emergence of resistant weeds. Glyphosate has been widely used primarily on citrus in the Caribbean area, but a study of resistance in the Caribbean islands of Cuba and the Dominican Republic has never been carried out. Unfortunately,
Parthenium hysterophorus
has developed glyphosate-resistance in both islands, independently. The resistance level and mechanisms of different
P. hysterophorus
accessions (three collected in Cuba (Cu-R) and four collected in the Dominican Republic (Do-R) have been studied under greenhouse and laboratory conditions. In
in vivo
assays (glyphosate dose causing 50% reduction in above-ground vegetative biomass and survival), the resistance factor levels showed susceptible accessions (Cu-S ≥ Do-S), low-resistance accessions (Cu-R3 < Do-R4), medium-resistance accessions (Do-R3 < Cu-R2 < Do-R2) and high-resistance accessions (Do-R1 < Cu-R1). In addition, the resistance factor levels were similar to those found in the shikimic acid accumulation at 1000 μM of glyphosate (Cu-R1 ≥ Do-R1 > Do-R2 > Cu-R2 > Do-R3 > Do-R4 > Cu-R3 >> Cu-S ≥ Do-S). Glyphosate was degraded to aminomethylphosphonic acid, glyoxylate and sarcosine by >88% in resistant accessions except in Cu-R3 and Do-R4 resistant accessions (51.12 and 44.21, respectively), whereas a little glyphosate (<9.32%) was degraded in both susceptible accessions at 96 h after treatment. There were significant differences between
P. hysterophorus
accessions in the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) activity enzyme with and without different glyphosate rates. The R accessions showed values of between 0.026 and 0.21 μmol μg−1 TSP protein min−1 basal EPSPS activity values with respect to the S (0.024 and 0.025) accessions. The same trend was found in the EPSPS enzyme activity treated with glyphosate, where a higher enzyme activity inhibition (glyphosate μM) corresponded to greater resistance levels in
P. hysterophorus
accessions. One amino acid substitution was found at position 106 in EPSPS, consisting of a proline to serine change in Cu-R1, Do-R1 Do-R2. The above-mentioned results indicate that high resistance values are determined by the number of defense mechanisms (target-site and non-target-site resistance) possessed by the different
P. hysterophorus
accessions, concurrently.
.
This case was entered by Todd Gaines Email:
todd.gaines@colostate.edu
PERMISSION MUST BE OBTAINED FIRST if you intend to base a significant portion of a scientific paper on data derived from this site.
Cite this site as:
Heap, I. The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. Online. Internet.
Saturday, September 7, 2024
. Available
www.weedscience.org
Copyright � 1993-
2024
WeedScience.org All rights reserved. Fair use of this material is encouraged. Proper citation is requested.
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